Cycles of all sorts

Most states require bicycles to have a white light in front and a red light in back, both visible at 500 feet, as well as side reflectors and a red rear reflector. Red flashers that meet this requirement are available for about $16.

White strobes are brighter and are visible at a greater distance but alone they don't meet legal requirements. Also, they blink less frequently, making it harder for drivers to see your position and direction.

Flashers are best mounted on your bike or rear rack, where they can be aimed precisely, rather than on clothes or packs, where they shift around. Many people install more than one rear flasher.

Headlights that meet the state requirements also start at about $16 These are basic, non-rechargeable lights that will make you legal, let you be seen and help you see under some conditions. This is often enough. However, people who ride longer distances and in all conditions usually use more powerful lights. One popular high-power system uses dual beams, produces 35 watts and costs $300. There are many systems available between these extremes. Each system offers a particular combination of power, endurance, weight and price.

Winter trail riding requires surprisingly little light; 4-5 watts is plenty The snow reflects well and there are no other light sources so your eyes can adapt to low light. If the moon is bright or the clouds are reflecting light from the city, try turning your light off. For long trail rides try installing a lower wattage bulb to get more battery life. Make sure to match bulb and battery voltages.

Generator lights don't work well in wet or snowy conditions and often don't give enough light at slow winter speeds. The less sophisticated ones give no light when you're not moving.

Systems that power the taillight and headlight from the same battery may leave you invisible from the rear if a wire breaks.without your knowing it. Independent rear flashers are very reliable and can run for at least a year on 2 AA cells.

Reflectors are available as vests, straps, tape and plastic pieces that mount to bicycles.

Clear (white) reflectors return twice as much light as amber ones and more than three times as much as red ones